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WATER

Give a definition of these words CONDENSATION /PRECIPITATION /EVAPORATION What do they mean? 

 

Answer the questions below: 

1.What are clouds made of? 

2. When does rain turn to snow? 

3. What makes water evaporate? 

4 How does water vapor evaporates into the air? 

5 How does the same water go around the earth 

6 Why does ground water seep back to the surface 

7 where does water freeze into iceand snow? 8 Where does water flow?

EARTH

Reading Comprehension Passage: Recycling

 

Recycling is the process of converting waste materials into reusable items. It helps reduce the amount of trash in landfills and conserves natural resources. Many products can be recycled, such as paper, plastic, glass, and metal. When we recycle, these materials can be turned into new products instead of being thrown away.

 

Recycling also saves energy. For example, recycling aluminum saves 95% of the energy compared to making new aluminum from raw materials. Recycling paper saves trees, reduces pollution, and decreases the need for new materials. In some countries, people separate their trash into categories like paper, plastic, and glass before throwing it away. This helps make the recycling process more efficient.

 

Recycling isn’t just about reducing waste—it also supports the economy by creating jobs. People are needed to collect, sort, and process recyclable materials. It’s important for everyone to participate in recycling programs to make a positive environmental impact.

 

True/False Questions

                1.           Recycling helps reduce the amount of trash in landfills.

                2.           All materials can be recycled.

                3.           Recycling paper saves trees.

                4.           Recycling aluminum saves 50% of the energy compared to making new aluminum.

                5.           Recycling is a process that turns waste materials into new products.

                6.           People are not needed to collect recyclable materials.

                7.           Recycling helps conserve natural resources.

                8.           The process of recycling reduces pollution.

                9.           Recycling creates more jobs in the economy.

                10.        Everyone should participate in recycling programs to help the environment.

 

Open-ended Questions

                1.           Why is recycling important for the environment?

                2.           What are some materials that can be recycled?

                3.           How does recycling aluminum save energy?

                4.           What can be done to make the recycling process more efficient?

                5.           How does recycling support the economy?

 

Personal Questions

                1.           Do you recycle at home or school? Why or why not?

                2.           How can you encourage others to recycle more?

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Correzione

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True/False Questions

  1. Recycling helps reduce the amount of trash in landfills.
    Answer: True

  2. All materials can be recycled.
    Answer: False (Not all materials can be recycled)

  3. Recycling paper saves trees.
    Answer: True

  4. Recycling aluminum saves 50% of the energy compared to making new aluminum.
    Answer: False (Recycling aluminum saves 95% of the energy)

  5. Recycling is a process that turns waste materials into new products.
    Answer: True

  6. People are not needed to collect recyclable materials.
    Answer: False (People are needed to collect, sort, and process recyclables)

  7. Recycling helps conserve natural resources.
    Answer: True

  8. The process of recycling reduces pollution.
    Answer: True

  9. Recycling creates more jobs in the economy.
    Answer: True

  10. Everyone should participate in recycling programs to help the environment.
    Answer: True

 

Open-ended Questions

  1. Why is recycling important for the environment?
    Answer: Recycling reduces waste in landfills, conserves natural resources, saves energy, and reduces pollution.

  2. What are some materials that can be recycled?
    Answer: Paper, plastic, glass, and metal are some materials that can be recycled.

  3. How does recycling aluminum save energy?
    Answer: Recycling aluminum saves 95% of the energy compared to making new aluminum from raw materials.

  4. What can be done to make the recycling process more efficient?
    Answer: People can separate their trash into categories like paper, plastic, and glass to make the recycling process more efficient.

  5. How does recycling support the economy?
    Answer: Recycling supports the economy by creating jobs for people to collect, sort, and process recyclable materials.

 

Personal Questions (Answers will vary)

  1. Do you recycle at home or school? Why or why not?
    Answer: (This answer will vary based on the student’s personal experience.)

  2. How can you encourage others to recycle more?
    Answer: (This answer will vary, but students could suggest talking to others, setting up recycling bins, or explaining the environmental benefits.)

1. Paper Bin

  • Materials to Put In:

    • Newspapers

    • Magazines

    • Cardboard (flattened)

    • Paper (printer paper, not contaminated with food or grease)

    • Envelopes (without plastic windows)

    • Paper bags

    • Catalogs and brochures

  • Do NOT Put In:

    • Paper towels, napkins, or tissues

    • Paper with food or grease stains (e.g., pizza boxes)

    • Shredded paper (unless your recycling program accepts it)

 

2. Plastic Bin

  • Materials to Put In:

    • Plastic bottles (e.g., water, soda bottles)

    • Plastic containers (e.g., yogurt, take-out containers)

    • Milk jugs

    • Food packaging (e.g., plastic bags, plastic wrap)

    • Plastic cups (if marked recyclable)

    • Plastic tubs (e.g., butter containers)

  • Do NOT Put In:

    • Plastic bags (unless your local recycling program accepts them separately)

    • Plastic toys

    • Plastic packaging (e.g., clamshell containers that aren't marked recyclable)

    • Styrofoam

 

3. Glass Bin

  • Materials to Put In:

    • Glass bottles (e.g., wine, beer, soda bottles)

    • Glass jars (e.g., jam, pasta sauce jars)

  • Do NOT Put In:

    • Windows or mirrors (these are not recyclable)

    • Ceramics, glass cookware, or light bulbs

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FIRE

Reading Passage:

Volcanoes and Emergency Preparedness

 

Volcanoes are mountains that can erupt with force, releasing hot lava, ash, and gases. When a volcano erupts, it can cause widespread damage, including destruction of homes, infrastructure, and even loss of life. Volcanoes are found in various parts of the world, especially along the Pacific Ring of Fire, an area known for its frequent seismic activity.

Before a volcano erupts, there are often warning signs. These can include increased seismic activity (earthquakes), gas emissions, and changes in the shape of the volcano. Scientists study these signs to predict when an eruption might occur. However, even with modern technology, predicting exactly when and where a volcano will erupt is still challenging.

During a volcanic eruption, it is important for people to stay safe. Emergency responders may issue evacuation orders to move people out of danger zones. Ash clouds can also be dangerous because they can reduce visibility, harm people’s health, and damage crops. It is important to have an emergency kit with essentials such as water, food, masks, and a flashlight in case of evacuation.

After an eruption, the affected area may be covered in ash, making it difficult to breathe and see. People may also face disruptions in transportation and the economy due to destroyed infrastructure. In the aftermath, it is important to follow emergency instructions, avoid hazardous areas, and check for updates on the recovery process.

Being prepared for a volcanic eruption and knowing how to react can help save lives. Communities near active volcanoes often have emergency plans and conduct drills to ensure they are ready if an eruption occurs.

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Glossary:

Emergency responders = soccorritori

Issue = rilasciare

Crop= raccolto

Flashlight= torcia

Disruption= interruzione

In the aftermath =in seguito

Drills= esercitazioni

 

 

True/False Questions:

                1.           Volcanoes only erupt with lava, not with ash or gases.

                2.           The Ring of Fire is an area where many volcanoes are located.

                3.           Scientists can predict exactly when and where a volcano will erupt.

                4.           Emergency responders may order people to evacuate during a volcanic eruption.

                5.           Ash clouds from a volcano are harmless (innocua) and do not affect people’s health.

                6.           An emergency kit should include essentials like food, water, and a flashlight.

                7.           Volcanic eruptions can damage infrastructure, including roads and buildings.

                8.           The aftermath of a volcanic eruption may disrupt transportation and the economy.

                9.           People should stay in hazardous areas after an eruption to help with recovery.

                10.        Communities near active volcanoes often have emergency plans in place.

 

Open-Ended Questions:

                1.           What are some warning signs that a volcano might erupt?

                2.           Why is it important to have an emergency kit during a volcanic eruption?

                3.           What can happen during a volcanic eruption that could affect people’s health and safety?

                4.           How can scientists help predict a volcanic eruption, even though it’s difficult to know exactly when it will happen?

                5.           What should people do after a volcanic eruption to stay safe and avoid further harm?

 

Personal Questions:

                1.           Have you ever been in an emergency situation, such as an earthquake or storm? How did you stay safe?

                2.           How do you think communities can better prepare for natural disasters like volcanoes?

 

Answers:

 

True/False Questions:

                1.           False – Volcanoes can erupt with lava, ash, and gases, not just lava.

                2.           True – The Ring of Fire is an area known for many volcanoes and frequent seismic activity.

                3.           False – Scientists can predict the likelihood of an eruption but cannot predict exactly when or where it will occur.

                4.           True – Emergency responders may issue evacuation orders to protect people from danger.

                5.           False – Ash clouds from a volcano can be harmful to health, reduce visibility, and cause damage.

                6.           True – An emergency kit should include essentials like food, water, masks, and a flashlight.

                7.           True – Volcanic eruptions can cause damage to infrastructure like roads, bridges, and buildings.

                8.           True – The aftermath of an eruption can disrupt transportation and the economy.

                9.           False – People should avoid hazardous areas after an eruption and follow safety instructions.

                10.        True – Communities near active volcanoes often have emergency plans and conduct drills.

 

Open-Ended Questions (Suggested Answers):

                1.           What are some warning signs that a volcano might erupt?

Warning signs can include increased seismic activity (earthquakes), gas emissions, and changes in the shape of the    volcano.

                2.           Why is it important to have an emergency kit during a volcanic eruption?

An emergency kit is important because it provides essential supplies, like water, food, and masks, that can help people survive and stay safe during evacuation.

                3.           What can happen during a volcanic eruption that could affect people’s health and safety?

During an eruption, people may face health risks from inhaling ash, reduced visibility, or exposure to harmful gases. There can also be physical dangers from lava flows and falling debris.

                4.           How can scientists help predict a volcanic eruption, even though it’s difficult to know exactly when it will happen?

Scientists can monitor signs like earthquakes, gas emissions, and changes in the volcano’s shape to make predictions, but they cannot always predict the exact timing or location of an eruption.

                5.           What should people do after a volcanic eruption to stay safe and avoid further harm?

After an eruption, people should follow emergency instructions, avoid hazardous areas, wear protective masks, and stay updated on the recovery process.

 

Personal Questions (Suggested Answers):

                1.           Have you ever been in an emergency situation, such as an earthquake or storm? How did you stay safe?

(Answer will vary. Example: “Yes, I’ve experienced a storm before. I stayed safe by staying indoors and following the safety tips my family discussed beforehand.”)

                2.           How do you think communities can better prepare for natural disasters like volcanoes?

(Answer will vary. Example: “Communities can prepare by creating emergency plans, holding drills, educating people about the risks, and ensuring emergency kits are available.”)

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